fix(deps): update dependency @reduxjs/toolkit to v2

Ghost Userrequested to merge
renovate/reduxjs-toolkit-2.x into main

This MR contains the following updates:

Package Type Update Change
@reduxjs/toolkit (source) devDependencies major ^1.9.7 -> ^2.6.1
@reduxjs/toolkit (source) dependencies major ^1.9.7 -> ^2.6.1
@reduxjs/toolkit (source) peerDependencies major ^1.9.7 -> ^2.6.1

Release Notes

reduxjs/redux-toolkit (@​reduxjs/toolkit)

v2.6.1

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This bugfix release fixes several assorted types issues with the initial infinite query feature release, and adds support for an optional signal argument to createAsyncThunk.

Changelog
Infinite Query Fixes

We've fixed several types issues that were reported with infinite queries after the 2.6.0 release:

  • matchFulfilled and providesTags now get the correct response types
  • We've added pre-typed Type* types to represent infinite queries, similar to the existing pre-defined types for queries and mutations
  • selectCachedArgsForQuery now supports fetching args for infinite query endpoints
  • We fixed some TS type portability issues with infinite queries that caused errors when generating TS declarations
  • useInfiniteQueryState/Subscription now correctly expect just the query arg, not the combined {queryArg, pageParam} object
Other Improvements

createAsyncThunk now accepts an optional {signal} argument. If provided, the internal AbortSignal handling will tie into that signal.

upsertQueryEntries now correctly generates provided tags for upserted cache entries.

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.6.0...v2.6.1

v2.6.0

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This feature release adds infinite query support to RTK Query.

Changelog
RTK Query Infinite Query support

Since we first released RTK Query in 2021, we've had users asking us to add support for "infinite queries" - the ability to keep fetching additional pages of data for a given endpoint. It's been by far our most requested feature. Until recently, our answer was that we felt there were too many use cases to support with a single API design approach.

Last year, we revisited this concept and concluded that the best approach was to mimic the flexible infinite query API design from React Query. We had additional discussions with @​tkdodo , who described the rationale and implementation approach and encouraged us to use their API design, and @​riqts provided an initial implementation on top of RTKQ's existing internals.

We're excited to announce that this release officially adds full infinite query endpoint support to RTK Query!

Using Infinite Queries

As with React Query, the API design is based around "page param" values that act as the query arguments for fetching a specific page for the given cache entry.

Infinite queries are defined with a new build.infiniteQuery() endpoint type. It accepts all of the same options as normal query endpoints, but also needs an additional infiniteQueryOptions field that specifies the infinite query behaviors. With TypeScript, you must supply 3 generic arguments: build.infiniteQuery<ResultType, QueryArg, PageParam>, where ResultType is the contents of a single page, QueryArg is the type passed in as the cache key, and PageParam is the value used to request a specific page.

The endpoint must define an initialPageParam value that will be used as the default (and can be overridden if desired). It also needs a getNextPageParam callback that will calculate the params for each page based on the existing values, and optionally a getPreviousPageParam callback if reverse fetching is needed. Finally, a maxPages option can be provided to limit the entry cache size.

The query and queryFn methods now receive a {queryArg, pageParam} object, instead of just the queryArg.

For the cache entries and hooks, the data field is now an object like {pages: ResultType[], pageParams: PageParam[]>. This gives you flexibility in how you use the data for rendering.

const pokemonApi = createApi({
  baseQuery: fetchBaseQuery({ baseUrl: 'https://example.com/pokemon' }),
  endpoints: (build) => ({
    // 3 TS generics: page contents, query arg, page param
    getInfinitePokemonWithMax: build.infiniteQuery<Pokemon[], string, number>({
      infiniteQueryOptions: {
        // Must provide a default initial page param value
        initialPageParam: 1,
        // Optionally limit the number of cached pages
        maxPages: 3,
        // Must provide a `getNextPageParam` function
        getNextPageParam: (lastPage, allPages, lastPageParam, allPageParams) =>
          lastPageParam + 1,
        // Optionally provide a `getPreviousPageParam` function
        getPreviousPageParam: (
          firstPage,
          allPages,
          firstPageParam,
          allPageParams,
        ) => {
          return firstPageParam > 0 ? firstPageParam - 1 : undefined
        },
      },
      // The `query` function receives `{queryArg, pageParam}` as its argument
      query({ queryArg, pageParam }) {
        return `/type/${queryArg}?page=${pageParam}`
      },
    }),
  }),
})

As with all RTKQ functionality, the core logic is UI-agnostic and does not require React. However, using the RTKQ React entry point will also auto-generate useInfiniteQuery hooks for these endpoints. Infinite query hooks fetch the initial page, then provide fetchNext/PreviousPage functions to let you trigger requests for more pages.

function PokemonList({
    pokemonType = 'fire',
  }: {
    pokemonType?: string
   ) {
  const {
    data,
    isFetching,
    isSuccess,
    fetchNextPage,
    fetchPreviousPage,
    refetch,
  } = api.useGetInfinitePokemonInfiniteQuery(pokemonType)

  const handlePreviousPage = async () => {
    const res = await fetchPreviousPage()
  }

  const handleNextPage = async () => {
    const res = await fetchNextPage()
  }
  
  // `data` is a `{pages, pageParams}` object.
  // You can use those to render whatever UI you need.
  // In this case, flatten per-page arrays of results for this endpoint
  // into a single array to render a list.
  const allPokemon = data?.pages.flat() ?? [];

  // render UI with pages, show loading state, fetch as needed
}
Docs and Examples

The RTK Query docs have been updated with new content and explanations for infinite queries:

We've also added a new infinite query example app in the repo that shows several usage patterns like pagination, cursors, infinite scrolling, and limit+offset queries.

Notes

As with all new features and functionality, more code does mean an increase in bundle size.

We did extensive work to byte-shave and optimize the final bundle size for this feature. Final estimates indicate that this adds about 4.2Kmin to production bundles. That's comparable to React Query's infinite query support size.

However, given RTKQ's current architecture, that bundle size increase is included even if you aren't using any infinite query endpoints in your application. Given the significant additional functionality, that seems like an acceptable tradeoff. (And as always, having this kind of functionality built into RTKQ means that your app benefits when it uses this feature without having to add a lot of additional code to your own app, which would likely be much larger.)

Longer-term, we hope to investigate reworking some of RTKQ's internal architecture to potentially make some of the features opt-in for better bundle size optimizations, but don't have a timeline for that work.

Thanks

This new feature wouldn't have been possible without huge amounts of assistance from several people. We'd like to thank:

  • @​tkdodo of TanStack Query, for happily letting us reuse the API design and implementation approach that they worked hard to figure out, and offering us his advice and knowledge on why they made specific design choices
  • @​riqts , for building the first initial POC draft MR long before we were even ready to begin thinking about this ourselves
  • @​remus-selea and @​agusterodin , for trying out various stages of the draft MRs and offering significant detailed feedback and bug reports as I iterated on the implementation
What's Changed

and numerous specific sub-MRs that went into that integration MR as I worked through the implementation over the last few months.

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.5.1...v2.6.0

v2.5.1

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This bugfix release fixes a logic issue with the new upsertQueryEntries util that sometimes kept entries in a pending state indefinitely.

Changelog
upsertQueryEntries fixes

Users reported that in some cases, use of upsertQueryEntries to insert RTKQ cache entries prevented any further refetches of that data from happening. After investigation, we found a logic mismatch for how we handle upserts vs the existing upsertQueryData util, which meant that sometimes the entry would be left in a pending state expecting a fulfilled action from a request ID that would never happen.

This release fixes that issue and ensures the updates and refetches happen correctly.

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.5.0...v2.5.1

v2.5.0

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This feature release updates the React peer dependency to work with React 19, and fixes an additional skip token issue.

Changelog
React 19 Compat

React 19 was just released! We've updated our peer dep to accept React 19, and updated our runtime and type tests to check against both React 18 and 19.

Also see React-Redux v9.2.0 for the same peer dep update.

Other Fixes

We previously fixed an issue with the RTKQ core where serializeQueryArgs callbacks could be called with skipToken, potentially leading to errors. We've fixed an additional location in the useQuery hooks where that could happen as well.

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.4.0...v2.5.0

v2.4.0

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This feature release includes multiple tweaks and fixes to RTK Query functionality, additional exported TS types, and drops support for TS versions earlier than 5.0.

Changelog
RTK Query Improvements

Lazy query hooks can now be reset.

retry.fail now accepts meta as a second argument.

Tag invalidation arrays now ignore nullish values.

We did some small internal refactoring around Maps and default values that shrank bundle size slightly.

Bugfixes

Passing skipToken to a query hook now bails out before running any other logic, which fixes cases where serializeQueryArgs previously threw an error because there were no args to process.

The autoBatchEnhancer now reads window.requestAnimationFrame later, which it to work properly with Jest fake timers.

We fixed cases where the hook result isSuccess flag would briefly flicker to false when switched to a different cache entry that was uninitialized, and would briefly flicker to true when refetching a query that previously errored.

The listener middleware previously had inconsistent logic checks for comparing against existing listener entries (effect + type, vs effect only). It now always checks both effect + type.

Additional TS Types

We now export Typed[Query|Mutation]OnQueryStarted helpers to let you define onQueryStarted callbacks outside of createApi if desired.

We also now export a CreateAsyncThunkFunction type that can be used to type userland wrappers around createAsyncThunk.

TS Support Matrix Updates

We've historically tried to maintain TS backwards compatibility as long as possible, and made occasional updates to our TS support matrix in minor versions over time. As of RTK 2.3.0, we officially supported back through TS 4.7.

As of this release, we're tweaking that support policy to match the policy used by DefinitelyTyped:

Definitely Typed only tests packages on versions of TypeScript that are less than 2 years old image

Given that, we've dropped official support for TS versions earlier than 5.0. (RTK may work with those versions, but we no longer test against them and won't try to fix issues with those versions.)

We'll continue to update our TS support matrix over time based on that 2-year rolling window.

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.3.0...v2.4.0

v2.3.0

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This feature release adds a new RTK Query upsertQueryEntries util to batch-upsert cache entries more efficiently, passes through additional values for use in prepareHeaders, and exports additional TS types around query options and selectors.

Changelog
upsertQueryEntries

RTK Query already had an upsertQueryData thunk that would upsert a single cache entry. However, some users wanted to upsert many cache entries (potentially hundreds or thousands), and found that upsertQueryData had poor performance in those cases. This is because upsertQueryData runs the full async request handling sequence, including dispatching both pending and fulfilled actions, each of which run the main reducer and update store subscribers. That means there's 2N store / UI updates per item, so upserting hundreds of items becomes extremely perf-intensive.

RTK Query now includes an api.util.upsertQueryEntries action that is meant to handle the batched upsert use case more efficiently. It's a single synchronous action that accepts an array of many {endpointName, arg, value} entries to upsert. This results in a single store update, making this vastly better for performance vs many individual upsertQueryData calls.

We see this as having two main use cases. The first is prefilling the cache with data retrieved from storage on app startup (and it's worth noting that upsertQueryEntries can accept entries for many different endpoints as part of the same array).

The second is to act as a "pseudo-normalization" tool. RTK Query is not a "normalized" cache. However, there are times when you may want to prefill other cache entries with the contents of another endpoint, such as taking the results of a getPosts list endpoint response and prefilling the individual getPost(id) endpoint cache entries, so that components that reference an individual item endpoint already have that data available.

Currently, you can implement the "pseudo-normalization" approach by dispatching upsertQueryEntries in an endpoint lifecycle, like this:

const api = createApi({
  endpoints: (build) => ({
    getPosts: build.query<Post[], void>({
      query: () => '/posts',
      async onQueryStarted(_, { dispatch, queryFulfilled }) {
        const res = await queryFulfilled
        const posts = res.data

        // Pre-fill the individual post entries with the results
        // from the list endpoint query
        dispatch(
          api.util.upsertQueryEntries(
            posts.map((post) => ({
              endpointName: 'getPost',
              arg: { id: post.id },
              value: post,
            })),
          ),
        )
      },
    }),
    getPost: build.query<Post, Pick<Post, 'id'>>({
      query: (post) => `post/${post.id}`,
    }),
  }),
})

Down the road we may add a new option to query endpoints that would let you provide the mapping function and have it automatically update the corresponding entries.

For additional comparisons between upsertQueryData and upsertQueryEntries, see the upsertQueryEntries API reference.

prepareHeaders Options

The prepareHeaders callback for fetchBaseQuery now receives two additional values in the api argument:

  • arg: the URL string or FetchArgs object that was passed in to fetchBaseQuery for this endpoint
  • extraOptions: any extra options that were provided to the base query
Additional TS Types

We've added a TypedQueryStateSelector type that can be used to pre-type selectors for use with selectFromResult:

const typedSelectFromResult: TypedQueryStateSelector<
  PostsApiResponse,
  QueryArgument,
  BaseQueryFunction,
  SelectedResult
> = (state) => ({ posts: state.data?.posts ?? EMPTY_ARRAY })

function PostsList() {
  const { posts } = useGetPostsQuery(undefined, {
    selectFromResult: typedSelectFromResult,
  })
}

We've also exported several additional TS types around base queries and tag definitions.

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.2.8...v2.3.0

v2.2.8

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This bugfix release fixes a long-standing issue with RTK Query lazy query triggers returning stale data in some cases, fixes an error handling issue in RTK Query, and exports additional TS types.

Changelog
Lazy Query Trigger Handling

We'd had a couple long-standing issues reporting that const result = await someLazyQueryTrigger() sometimes returned stale data, especially if a mutation had just invalidated that query's tag.

We finally got a good repro of this issue and identified it as a mis-written call inside of the middleware that skipped past the necessary handling to activate the correct query status tracking in that scenario. This should now be fixed.

Other Changes

Timeout handling in RTKQ endpoints should now correctly throw a timeout-related error instead of an AbortError.

Base queries now have access to the current queryCacheKey value so it can be used in deciding query logic.

We've exported several more TS types related to query options, as some users have been depending on those even though they previously weren't part of the public API.

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.2.7...v2.2.8

v2.2.7

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This bugfix release fixes issues with "TS type portability" errors, improves build artifact tree shaking behavior, and exports some additional TS types.

Changelog
TS Type Portability

We've had a slew of issues reported around "TS type portability" errors, such as:

The error messages are typically along the lines of:

Type error: The inferred type of 'configureStore' cannot be named without a reference to '@&#8203;reduxjs/toolkit/node_modules/redux'. This is likely not portable. A type annotation is necessary.

@​aryaemami59 did some deep investigation and concluded these were due to a mixture of using interface instead of type in most places, not pre-bundling our TS typedefs, and not exporting some of the unique symbols we use internally.

Arya put together a highly detailed writeup and set of fixes in #​4467: Fix: TypeScript Type Portability Issues, and that appears to resolve all of those issues we've seen. Thank you!

Other Changes

Arya also did significant work to improve RTK's treeshaking, tweaking internal definitions to let bundlers better separate out unused code.

We've exported additional types like UpdateDefinitions and RetryOptions, per request.

listenerMiddleware.withTypes() methods now allow passing in an ExtraArgument generic.

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.2.6...v2.2.7

v2.2.6

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This bugfix release:

  • Brings internal useIsomorphicLayoutEffect usage in line with React Redux in React Native environments
  • Exports FetchBaseQueryArgs type
  • Fixes an issue in recent createEntityAdapter sorting perf improvements that could (in specific cases) cause Immer to throw an error
What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.2.5...v2.2.6

v2.2.5

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This bugfix release fixes an issue in the recent createEntityAdapter sorting perf improvements that could (in specific cases) cause Immer to throw an error when trying to read a plain JS value instead of a proxy-wrapped value.

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.2.4...v2.2.5

v2.2.4

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This bugfix release improves sorting performance in createEntityAdapter, shrinks the code size in matcher utilities, fixes assorted issues with query hooks, and makes several TS tweaks.

Changelog
Entity Adapter Sorting Performance

Users reported in #​4252 that the sorting performance of createEntityAdapter seemed abnormally bad - the provided comparison functions were being called far more times than expected.

Upon investigation, we had a couple of problems. We were always starting from an array that was in insertion order, not the existing sorted order, and that would always require significant effort to re-sort even if there weren't any actual changes to the sorted results. Also, the sorting checks required frequent access to Immer's Proxy-wrapped values, even in cases where all we needed was the plain state values for comparison purposes.

We've reworked the internal sorting logic to always start from the existing sorted array, do reads against a plain value to avoid the Proxy getter overhead where possible, and optimized inserts into existing sorted arrays. This should significantly speed up sorted entity adapter behavior.

Matcher Code Size Optimization

We've reworked the internals of the thunk-related matchers to deduplicate some of the logic, shaving a few bytes off the final bundle size.

RTK Query Hook Updates

defaultSerializeQueryArgs can now handle BigInt values safely.

The isLoading flag logic was improved to handle errors when a query hook tries to subscribe.

TS Updates

create.asyncThunk's types were improved to avoid cases where it might infer any.

We've made several internal types changes to work correctly with React 19's upcoming types.

The retryCondition method now receives unknown as an argument, instead of always assuming the user is using fetchBaseQuery.

Other Changes

The Reselect dep has been bumped to 5.1.0 to match the expected internal usage of createSelector.withTypes().

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.2.3...v2.2.4

v2.2.3

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This bugfix release fixes the types for functions that accept a React Context instance to match the changes in React Redux v9.

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.2.2...v2.2.3

v2.2.2

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This patch release fixes an incorrect build setting for the legacy-esm artifacts, and fixes an issue with RTKQ query hooks didn't always remove the cache entries if arguments were changed rapidly.

Changes
legacy-esm Artifact Transpilation

The legacy-esm build artifacts are intended for use by Webpack 4. Those were supposed to be transpiled to target "es2017", but were in fact still set to target "esnext" - an oversight during the 2.0 development cycle. This release fixes that setting, so those artifacts are now correctly transpiled.

Other Fixes

RTKQ query hooks now handle additional actions around argument changes that should result in cache entries being removed.

Additionally, 2.2.1 contained a fix to an incorrectly named type: TypedUseMutationTrigger is now TypedMutationTrigger.

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.2.0...v2.2.2

v2.2.1

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v2.2.0

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This minor release:

  • Adds a second parameter to entityAdapter.getInitialState(additionalProps, entities) to allow prefilling state
    • Equivalent to entityAdapter.setAll(entityAdapter.getInitialState(additionalProps), entities)
    • First parameter can be undefined if no additional properties are desired
  • Allows initialising combineSlices with no static reducers
    • Previously const combinedReducer = combineSlices().withLazyLoadedSlices<LazyLoadedSlices>() would have thrown an error
    • Now returns a "no-op" reducer that just returns an empty object until first reducer injected
  • Allows a new 'throw' value for overrideExisting in injectEndpoints, which throws an error if a definition is injected with a name which is already used
  • Exports more type helpers for RTKQ hook and trigger types
  • Exports types related to overriding result types in enhanceEndpoints
  • Fixes state inference for injected slices when undeclared (i.e. not in LazyLoadedSlices)
  • Adds a action.meta.arg.isPrefetch value to query thunk actions when prefetched
What's Changed
New Contributors

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.1.0...v2.2.0

v2.1.0

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This minor release:

  • adds withTypes methods to listenerMiddleware and createDraftSafeSelector
  • adds a skipPollingIfUnfocused option to RTK Query
  • adds the ability to customise the createSelector instance used by RTK Query
  • reworks slice selector logic to avoid depending on this value
  • fixes the order and inference of create.asyncThunk type parameters
  • fixes requirements for meta fields returned from queryFns
  • marks promises that will never reject as safe, in preparation for https://github.com/typescript-eslint/typescript-eslint/issues/7008
What's Changed
New Contributors

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v2.0.1...v2.1.0

v2.0.1

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v2.0.0

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This major release :

  • Removes the deprecated object syntax from createSlice and createReducer
  • Removes other deprecated options
  • Updates the middleware and enhancers options of configureStore to require callbacks
  • Updates the packaging for better ESM/CJS compatibility and modernizes the build output
  • Includes all changes to Redux core 5.0, Reselect 5.0, and Redux Thunk 3.0
  • Updates RTKQ default subscription behavior
  • Adds a new combineSlices method with support for lazy-loading slice reducers
  • Adds a new "dynamic middleware" middleware with support for adding middleware at runtime
  • Adds a new callback syntax to createSlice.reducers, with optional support for defining thunks inside of createSlice
  • Adds the autoBatchEnhancer to configureStore by default
  • Has many additional TS tweaks and improvements

This release has breaking changes. (Note: v2.0.1 was released with a couple hotfixes for Reselect and Redux Thunk right as this was being finalized.)

This release is part of a wave of major versions of all the Redux packages: Redux Toolkit 2.0, Redux core 5.0, React-Redux 9.0, Reselect 5.0, and Redux Thunk 3.0.

For full details on all of the breaking changes and other significant changes to all of those packages, see the "Migrating to RTK 2.0 and Redux 5.0" migration guide in the Redux docs.

[!NOTE] The Redux core, Reselect, and Redux Thunk packages are included as part of Redux Toolkit, and RTK users do not need to manually upgrade them - you'll get them as part of the upgrade to RTK 2.0. (If you're not using Redux Toolkit yet, please start migrating your existing legacy Redux code to use Redux Toolkit today!)


##### RTK
npm install @&#8203;reduxjs/toolkit
yarn add @&#8203;reduxjs/toolkit
Changelog
Object syntax for createSlice.extraReducers and createReducer removed

RTK's createReducer API was originally designed to accept a lookup table of action type strings to case reducers, like { "ADD_TODO": (state, action) => {} }. We later added the "builder callback" form to allow more flexibility in adding "matchers" and a default handler, and did the same for createSlice.extraReducers.

We have removed the "object" form for both createReducer and createSlice.extraReducers in RTK 2.0, as the builder callback form is effectively the same number of lines of code, and works much better with TypeScript.

As an example, this:

const todoAdded = createAction('todos/todoAdded')

createReducer(initialState, {
  [todoAdded]: (state, action) => {},
})

createSlice({
  name,
  initialState,
  reducers: {
    /* case reducers here */
  },
  extraReducers: {
    [todoAdded]: (state, action) => {},
  },
})

should be migrated to:

createReducer(initialState, (builder) => {
  builder.addCase(todoAdded, (state, action) => {})
})

createSlice({
  name,
  initialState,
  reducers: {
    /* case reducers here */
  },
  extraReducers: (builder) => {
    builder.addCase(todoAdded, (state, action) => {})
  },
})
Codemods

To simplify upgrading codebases, we've published a set of codemods that will automatically transform the deprecated "object" syntax into the equivalent "builder" syntax.

The codemods package is available on NPM as @reduxjs/rtk-codemods. More details are available here.

To run the codemods against your codebase, run npx @&#8203;reduxjs/rtk-codemods <TRANSFORM NAME> path/of/files/ or/some**/*glob.js.

Examples:

npx @&#8203;reduxjs/rtk-codemods createReducerBuilder ./src

npx @&#8203;reduxjs/rtk-codemods createSliceBuilder ./packages/my-app/**/*.ts

We also recommend re-running Prettier on the codebase before committing the changes.

These codemods should work, but we would greatly appreciate feedback from more real-world codebases!

configureStore Options Changes
configureStore.middleware must be a callback

Since the beginning, configureStore has accepted a direct array value as the middleware option. However, providing an array directly prevents configureStore from calling getDefaultMiddleware(). So, middleware: [myMiddleware] means there is no thunk middleware added (or any of the dev-mode checks).

This is a footgun, and we've had numerous users accidentally do this and cause their apps to fail because the default middleware never got configured.

As a result, we've now made the middleware only accept the callback form. If for some reason you still want to replace all of the built-in middleware, do so by returning an array from the callback:

const store = configureStore({
  reducer,
  middleware: (getDefaultMiddleware) => {
    // WARNING: this means that _none_ of the default middleware are added!
    return [myMiddleware]
    // or for TS users, use:
    // return new Tuple(myMiddleware)
  },
})

But note that we consistently recommend not replacing the default middleware entirely, and that you should use return getDefaultMiddleware().concat(myMiddleware).

configureStore.enhancers must be a callback

Similarly to configureStore.middleware, the enhancers field must also be a callback, for the same reasons.

The callback will receive a getDefaultEnhancers function that can be used to customise the batching enhancer that's now included by default.

For example:

const store = configureStore({
  reducer,
  enhancers: (getDefaultEnhancers) => {
    return getDefaultEnhancers({
      autoBatch: { type: 'tick' },
    }).concat(myEnhancer)
  },
})

It's important to note that the result of getDefaultEnhancers will also contain the middleware enhancer created with any configured/default middleware. To help prevent mistakes, configureStore will log an error to console if middleware was provided and the middleware enhancer wasn't included in the callback result.

const store = configureStore({
  reducer,
  enhancers: (getDefaultEnhancers) => {
    return [myEnhancer] // we've lost the  middleware here
    // instead:
    return getDefaultEnhancers().concat(myEnhancer)
  },
})

Also, note that if you supply the enhancers field, it must come after the middleware field in order for TS inference to work properly.

Standalone getDefaultMiddleware and getType removed

The standalone version of getDefaultMiddleware has been deprecated since v1.6.1, and has now been removed. Use the function passed to the middleware callback instead, which has the correct types.

We have also removed the getType export, which was used to extract a type string from action creators made with createAction. Instead, use the static property actionCreator.type.

RTK Query behaviour changes

We've had a number of reports where RTK Query had issues around usage of dispatch(endpoint.initiate(arg, {subscription: false})). There were also reports that multiple triggered lazy queries were resolving the promises at the wrong time. Both of these had the same underlying issue, which was that RTKQ wasn't tracking cache entries in these cases (intentionally). We've reworked the logic to always track cache entries (and remove them as needed), which should resolve those behavior issues.

We also have had issues raised about trying to run multiple mutations in a row and how tag invalidation behaves. RTKQ now has internal logic to delay tag invalidation briefly, to allow multiple invalidations to get handled together. This is controlled by a new invalidationBehavior: 'immediate' | 'delayed' flag on createApi. The new default behavior is 'delayed'. Set it to 'immediate' to revert to the behavior in RTK 1.9.

In RTK 1.9, we reworked RTK Query's internals to keep most of the subscription status inside the RTKQ middleware. The values are still synced to the Redux store state, but this is primarily for display by the Redux DevTools "RTK Query" panel. Related to the cache entry changes above, we've optimized how often those values get synced to the Redux state for perf.

ESM/CJS Package Compatibility

The biggest theme of the Redux v5 and RTK 2.0 releases is trying to get "true" ESM package publishing compatibility in place, while still supporting CJS in the published package.

The primary build artifact is now an ESM file, dist/redux-toolkit.modern.mjs. Most build tools should pick this up. There's also a CJS artifact, and a second copy of the ESM file named redux-toolkit.legacy-esm.js to support Webpack 4 (which does not recognize the exports field in package.json). Additionally, all of the build artifacts now live under ./dist/ in the published package.

Modernized Build Output

We now publish modern JS syntax targeting ES2020, including optional chaining, object spread, and other modern syntax. If you need to target older browsers, please transpile the packages yourself (or use the legacy-esm build artifact for ES2017).

Build Tooling

We're now building the package using https://github.com/egoist/tsup. We also now include sourcemaps for the ESM and CJS artifacts.

Dropping UMD Builds

Redux has always shipped with UMD build artifacts. These are primarily meant for direct import as script tags, such as in a CodePen or a no-bundler build environment.

We've dropped those build artifacts from the published package, on the grounds that the use cases seem pretty rare today.

There's now a redux-toolkit.browser.mjs file in the package that can be loaded from a CDN like Unpkg.

If you have strong use cases for us continuing to include UMD build artifacts, please let us know!

Dependency Updates
Redux Libraries

RTK now depends on Redux core 5.0, Reselect 5.0, and Redux Thunk 3.0. See the linked release notes for those libraries, as each of them has additional breaking changes. The "Migrating to RTK 2.0 and Redux 5.0" docs page also covers the combined changes in one page

Immer 10

RTK now also depends on Immer 10.0, which has several major improvements and updates:

  • Much faster update perf
  • Much smaller bundle size
  • Better ESM/CJS package formatting
  • No default export
  • No ES5 fallback

We've also removed the prior call to automatically enable the Immer ES5 fallback mode any time RTK was loaded.

Other Changes
Bundle Size Optimizations

Redux 4.1.0 optimized its bundle size by extracting error message strings out of production builds, based on React's approach. We've applied the same technique to RTK. This saves about 1000 bytes from prod bundles (actual benefits will depend on which imports are being used).

We also noted that ESBuild does not deduplicate imports when it bundles source files, and this was causing RTK Query's bundle to contain a dozen references to import { } from "@&#8203;reduxjs/toolkit", including some of the same methods. Manually deduplicating those saves about 600 bytes off the production RTKQ artifact.

reactHooksModule custom hook configuration

Previously, custom versions of React Redux's hooks (useSelector, useDispatch, and useStore) could be passed separately to reactHooksModule, usually to enable using a different context to the default ReactReduxContext.

In practicality, the react hooks module needs all three of these hooks to be provided, and it became an easy mistake to only pass useSelector and useDispatch, without useStore.

The module has now moved all three of these under the same configuration key, and will check that all three are provided if the key is present.

// previously
const customCreateApi = buildCreateApi(
  coreModule(),
  reactHooksModule({
    useDispatch: createDispatchHook(MyContext),
    useSelector: createSelectorHook(MyContext),
    useStore: createStoreHook(MyContext),
  })
)

// now
const customCreateApi = buildCreateApi(
  coreModule(),
  reactHooksModule({
    hooks: {
      useDispatch: createDispatchHook(MyContext),
      useSelector: createSelectorHook(MyContext),
      useStore: createStoreHook(MyContext),
    },
  })
)
Deprecated Options Removed

Several other options were previously marked as deprecated, and have been removed. We've also removed polyfills like the AbortController polyfill.

TypeScript Changes
configureStore field order for middleware matters

If you are passing both the middleware and enhancers fields to configureStore, the middleware field must come first in order for internal TS inference to work properly.

Non-default middleware/enhancers must use Tuple

We've seen many cases where users passing the middleware parameter to configureStore have tried spreading the array returned by getDefaultMiddleware(), or passed an alternate plain array. This unfortunately loses the exact TS types from the individual middleware, and often causes TS problems down the road (such as dispatch being typed as Dispatch<AnyAction> and not knowing about thunks).

getDefaultMiddleware() already used an internal MiddlewareArray class, an Array subclass that had strongly typed .concat/prepend() methods to correctly capture and retain the middleware types.

We've renamed that type to Tuple, and configureStore's TS types now require that you must use Tuple if you want to pass your own array of middleware:

import { configureStore, Tuple } from '@&#8203;reduxjs/toolkit'

configureStore({
  reducer: rootReducer,
  middleware: (getDefaultMiddleware) => new Tuple(additionalMiddleware, logger),
})

(Note that this has no effect if you're using RTK with plain JS, and you could still pass a plain array here.)

This same restriction applies to the enhancers field.

Entity adapter type updates

createEntityAdapter now has an Id generic argument, which will be used to strongly type the item IDs anywhere those are exposed. Previously, the ID field type was always string | number. TS will now try to infer the exact type from either the .id field of your entity type, or the selectId return type. You could also fall back to passing that generic type directly. If you use the EntityState<Data, Id> type directly, you must supply both generic arguments!

The .entities lookup table is now defined to use a standard TS Record<Id, MyEntityType>, which assumes that each item lookup exists by default. Previously, it used a Dictionary<MyEntityType> type, which assumed the result was MyEntityType | undefined. The Dictionary type has been removed.

If you prefer to assume that the lookups might be undefined, use TypeScript's noUncheckedIndexedAccess configuration option to control that.

New Features

These features are new in Redux Toolkit 2.0, and help cover additional use cases that we've seen users ask for in the ecosystem.

combineSlices API with slice reducer injection for code-splitting

The Redux core has always included combineReducers, which takes an object full of "slice reducer" functions and generates a reducer that calls those slice reducers. RTK's createSlice generates slice reducers + associated action creators, and we've taught the pattern of exporting individual action creators as named exports and the slice reducer as a default export. Meanwhile, we've never had official support for lazy-loading reducers, although we've had sample code for some "reducer injection" patterns in our docs.

This release includes a new combineSlices API that is designed to enable lazy-loading of reducers at runtime. It accepts individual slices or an object full of slices as arguments, and automatically calls combineReducers using the sliceObject.name field as the key for each state field. The generated reducer function has an additional .inject() method attached that can be used to dynamically inject additional slices at runtime. It also includes a .withLazyLoadedSlices() method that can be used to generate TS types for reducers that will be added later. See #​2776 for the original discussion around this idea.

For now, we are not building this into configureStore, so you'll need to call const rootReducer = combineSlices(.....) yourself and pass that to configureStore({reducer: rootReducer}).

Basic usage: a mixture of slices and standalone reducers passed to combineSlices

const stringSlice = createSlice({
  name: 'string',
  initialState: '',
  reducers: {},
})

const numberSlice = createSlice({
  name: 'number',
  initialState: 0,
  reducers: {},
})

const booleanReducer = createReducer(false, () => {})

const api = createApi(/*  */)

const combinedReducer = combineSlices(
  stringSlice,
  {
    num: numberSlice.reducer,
    boolean: booleanReducer,
  },
  api
)
expect(combinedReducer(undefined, dummyAction())).toEqual({
  string: stringSlice.getInitialState(),
  num: numberSlice.getInitialState(),
  boolean: booleanReducer.getInitialState(),
  api: api.reducer.getInitialState(),
})

Basic slice reducer injection

// Create a reducer with a TS type that knows `numberSlice` will be injected
const combinedReducer =
  combineSlices(stringSlice).withLazyLoadedSlices<
    WithSlice<typeof numberSlice>
  >()

// `state.number` doesn't exist initially
expect(combinedReducer(undefined, dummyAction()).number).toBe(undefined)

// Create a version of the reducer with `numberSlice` injected (mainly useful for types)
const injectedReducer = combinedReducer.inject(numberSlice)

// `state.number` now exists, and injectedReducer's type no longer marks it as optional
expect(injectedReducer(undefined, dummyAction()).number).toBe(
  numberSlice.getInitialState()
)

// original reducer has also been changed (type is still optional)
expect(combinedReducer(undefined, dummyAction()).number).toBe(
  numberSlice.getInitialState()
)
selectors field in createSlice

The existing createSlice API now has support for defining selectors directly as part of the slice. By default, these will be generated with the assumption that the slice is mounted in the root state using slice.name as the field, such as name: "todos" -> rootState.todos. Additionally, there's now a slice.selectSlice method that does that default root state lookup.

You can call sliceObject.getSelectors(selectSliceState) to generate the selectors with an alternate location, similar to how entityAdapter.getSelectors() works.

const slice = createSlice({
  name: 'counter',
  initialState: 42,
  reducers: {},
  selectors: {
    selectSlice: (state) => state,
    selectMultiple: (state, multiplier: number) => state * multiplier,
  },
})

// Basic usage
const testState = {
  [slice.name]: slice.getInitialState(),
}
const { selectSlice, selectMultiple } = slice.selectors
expect(selectSlice(testState)).toBe(slice.getInitialState())
expect(selectMultiple(testState, 2)).toBe(slice.getInitialState() * 2)

// Usage with the slice reducer mounted under a different key
const customState = {
  number: slice.getInitialState(),
}
const { selectSlice, selectMultiple } = slice.getSelectors(
  (state: typeof customState) => state.number
)
expect(selectSlice(customState)).toBe(slice.getInitialState())
expect(selectMultiple(customState, 2)).toBe(slice.getInitialState() * 2)
createSlice.reducers callback syntax and thunk support

One of the oldest feature requests we've had is the ability to declare thunks directly inside of createSlice. Until now, you've always had to declare them separately, give the thunk a string action prefix, and handle the actions via createSlice.extraReducers:

// Declare the thunk separately
const fetchUserById = createAsyncThunk(
  'users/fetchByIdStatus',
  async (userId: number, thunkAPI) => {
    const response = await userAPI.fetchById(userId)
    return response.data
  }
)

const usersSlice = createSlice({
  name: 'users',
  initialState,
  reducers: {
    // standard reducer logic, with auto-generated action types per reducer
  },
  extraReducers: (builder) => {
    // Add reducers for additional action types here, and handle loading state as needed
    builder.addCase(fetchUserById.fulfilled, (state, action) => {
      state.entities.push(action.payload)
    })
  },
})

Many users have told us that this separation feels awkward.

We've wanted to include a way to define thunks directly inside of createSlice, and have played around with various prototypes. There were always two major blocking issues, and a secondary concern:

  1. It wasn't clear what the syntax for declaring a thunk inside should look like.
  2. Thunks have access to getState and dispatch, but the RootState and AppDispatch types are normally inferred from the store, which in turn infers it from the slice state types. Declaring thunks inside createSlice would cause circular type inference errors, as the store needs the slice types but the slice needs the store types. We weren't willing to ship an API that would work okay for our JS users but not for our TS users, especially since we want people to use TS with RTK.
  3. You can't do synchronous conditional imports in ES modules, and there's no good way to make the createAsyncThunk import optional. Either createSlice always depends on it (and adds that to the bundle size), or it can't use createAsyncThunk at all.

We've settled on these compromises:

  • In order to create async thunks with createSlice, you specifically need to set up a custom version of createSlice that has access to createAsyncThunk.
  • You can declare thunks inside of createSlice.reducers, by using a "creator callback" syntax for the reducers field that is similar to the build callback syntax in RTK Query's createApi (using typed functions to create fields in an object). Doing this does look a bit different than the existing "object" syntax for the reducers field, but is still fairly similar.
  • You can customize some of the types for thunks inside of createSlice, but you cannot customize the state or dispatch types. If those are needed, you can manually do an as cast, like getState() as RootState.

In practice, we hope these are reasonable tradeoffs. Creating thunks inside of createSlice has been widely asked for, so we think it's an API that will see usage. If the TS customization options are a limitation, you can still declare thunks outside of createSlice as always, and most async thunks don't need dispatch or getState - they just fetch data and return. And finally, setting up a custom createSlice allows you to opt into createAsyncThunk being included in your bundle size (though it may already be included if used directly or as part of RTK Query - in either of these cases there's no additional bundle size).

Here's what the new callback syntax looks like:

const createSliceWithThunks = buildCreateSlice({
  creators: { asyncThunk: asyncThunkCreator },
})

const todosSlice = createSliceWithThunks({
  name: 'todos',
  initialState: {
    loading: false,
    todos: [],
    error: null,
  } as TodoState,
  reducers: (create) => ({
    // A normal "case reducer", same as always
    deleteTodo: create.reducer((state, action: PayloadAction<number>) => {
      state.todos.splice(action.payload, 1)
    }),
    // A case reducer with a "prepare callback" to customize the action
    addTodo: create.preparedReducer(
      (text: string) => {
        const id = nanoid()
        return { payload: { id, text } }
      },
      // action type is inferred from prepare callback
      (state, action) => {
        state.todos.push(action.payload)
      }
    ),
    // An async thunk
    fetchTodo: create.asyncThunk(
      // Async payload function as the first argument
      async (id: string, thunkApi) => {
        const res = await fetch(`myApi/todos?id=${id}`)
        return (await res.json()) as Item
      },
      // An object containing `{pending?, rejected?, fulfilled?, settled?, options?}` second
      {
        pending: (state) => {
          state.loading = true
        },
        rejected: (state, action) => {
          state.error = action.payload ?? action.error
        },
        fulfilled: (state, action) => {
          state.todos.push(action.payload)
        },
        // settled is called for both rejected and fulfilled actions
        settled: (state, action) => {
          state.loading = false
        },
      }
    ),
  }),
})

// `addTodo` and `deleteTodo` are normal action creators.
// `fetchTodo` is the async thunk
export const { addTodo, deleteTodo, fetchTodo } = todosSlice.actions
Codemod

Using the new callback syntax is entirely optional (the object syntax is still standard), but an existing slice would need to be converted before it can take advantage of the new capabilities this syntax provides. To make this easier, a codemod is provided.

npx @&#8203;reduxjs/rtk-codemods createSliceReducerBuilder ./src/features/todos/slice.ts
"Dynamic middleware" middleware

A Redux store's middleware pipeline is fixed at store creation time and can't be changed later. We have seen ecosystem libraries that tried to allow dynamically adding and removing middleware, potentially useful for things like code splitting.

This is a relatively niche use case, but we've built our own version of a "dynamic middleware" middleware. Add it to the Redux store at setup time, and it lets you add middleware later at runtime. It also comes with a React hook integration that will automatically add a middleware to the store and return the updated dispatch method..

import { createDynamicMiddleware, configureStore } from '@&#8203;reduxjs/toolkit'

const dynamicMiddleware = createDynamicMiddleware()

const store = configureStore({
  reducer: {
    todos: todosReducer,
  },
  middleware: (getDefaultMiddleware) =>
    getDefaultMiddleware().prepend(dynamicMiddleware.middleware),
})

// later
dynamicMiddleware.addMiddleware(someOtherMiddleware)
configureStore adds autoBatchEnhancer by default

In v1.9.0, we added a new autoBatchEnhancer that delays notifying subscribers briefly when multiple "low-priority" actions are dispatched in a row. This improves perf, as UI updates are typically the most expensive part of the update process. RTK Query marks most of its own internal actions as "low-pri" by default, but you have to have the autoBatchEnhancer added to the store to benefit from that.

We've updated configureStore to add the autoBatchEnhancer to the store setup by default, so that users can benefit from the improved perf without needing to manually tweak the store config themselves.

entityAdapter.getSelectors accepts a createSelector function

entityAdapter.getSelectors() now accepts an options object as its second argument. This allows you to pass in your own preferred createSelector method, which will be used to memoize the generated selectors. This could be useful if you want to use one of Reselect's new alternate memoizers, or some other memoization library with an equivalent signature.

Next.js Setup Guide

We now have a docs page that covers how to set up Redux properly with Next.js. We've seen a lot of questions around using Redux, Next, and the App Router together, and this guide should help provide advice.

(At this time, the Next.js with-redux example is still showing outdated patterns - we're going to file a MR shortly to update that to match our docs guide.)

What's Changed

Full Changelog: https://github.com/reduxjs/redux-toolkit/compare/v1.9.3...v2.0.0

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